I2C¶

Overview¶

Configuration Options¶

Related configuration options:

CONFIG_I2C

API Reference¶

group i2c_interface

I2C Interface.

Defines

I2C_SPEED_STANDARD¶: I2C Standard Speed: 100 kHz

I2C_SPEED_FAST¶: I2C Fast Speed: 400 kHz

I2C_SPEED_FAST_PLUS¶: I2C Fast Plus Speed: 1 MHz

I2C_SPEED_HIGH¶: I2C High Speed: 3.4 MHz

I2C_SPEED_ULTRA¶: I2C Ultra Fast Speed: 5 MHz

I2C_SPEED_SHIFT¶

I2C_SPEED_SET(speed)¶

I2C_SPEED_MASK¶

I2C_SPEED_GET(cfg)¶

I2C_ADDR_10_BITS¶: Use 10-bit addressing. DEPRECATED - Use I2C_MSG_ADDR_10_BITS instead.

I2C_MODE_MASTER¶: Controller to act as Master.

I2C_SLAVE_FLAGS_ADDR_10_BITS¶: Slave device responds to 10-bit addressing.

I2C_MSG_WRITE¶: Write message to I2C bus.

I2C_MSG_READ¶: Read message from I2C bus.

I2C_MSG_STOP¶: Send STOP after this message.

I2C_MSG_RESTART¶

RESTART I2C transaction for this message.

Note: Not all I2C drivers have or require explicit support for this feature. Some drivers require this be present on a read message that follows a write, or vice-versa. Some drivers will merge adjacent fragments into a single transaction using this flag; some will not.

I2C_MSG_ADDR_10_BITS¶

Use 10-bit addressing for this message.

Note: Not all SoC I2C implementations support this feature.

I2C_DECLARE_CLIENT_CONFIG¶

I2C_CLIENT(_master, _addr)¶

I2C_GET_MASTER(_conf)¶

I2C_GET_ADDR(_conf)¶

Functions

int i2c_configure(const struct device *dev, uint32_t dev_config)¶

Configure operation of a host controller.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
dev_config: Bit-packed 32-bit value to the device runtime configuration for the I2C controller.

Return Value

0: If successful.
-EIO: General input / output error, failed to configure device.

int i2c_transfer(const struct device *dev, struct i2c_msg *msgs, uint8_t num_msgs, uint16_t addr)¶

Perform data transfer to another I2C device.

This routine provides a generic interface to perform data transfer to another I2C device synchronously. Use i2c_read()/i2c_write() for simple read or write.

The array of message msgs must not be NULL. The number of message num_msgs may be zero,in which case no transfer occurs.

Note

Not all scatter/gather transactions can be supported by all drivers. As an example, a gather write (multiple consecutive i2c_msg buffers all configured for I2C_MSG_WRITE) may be packed into a single transaction by some drivers, but others may emit each fragment as a distinct write transaction, which will not produce the same behavior. See the documentation of struct i2c_msg for limitations on support for multi-message bus transactions.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
msgs: Array of messages to transfer.
num_msgs: Number of messages to transfer.
addr: Address of the I2C target device.

Return Value

0: If successful.
-EIO: General input / output error.

int i2c_recover_bus(const struct device *dev)¶

Recover the I2C bus.

Attempt to recover the I2C bus.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.

Return Value

0: If successful
-EBUSY: If bus is not clear after recovery attempt.
-EIO: General input / output error.
-ENOTSUP: If bus recovery is not supported

static inline int i2c_slave_register(const struct device *dev, struct i2c_slave_config *cfg)¶

Registers the provided config as Slave device.

Enable I2C slave mode for the ‘dev’ I2C bus driver using the provided ‘config’ struct containing the functions and parameters to send bus events. The I2C slave will be registered at the address provided as ‘address’ struct member. Addressing mode - 7 or 10 bit - depends on the ‘flags’ struct member. Any I2C bus events related to the slave mode will be passed onto I2C slave device driver via a set of callback functions provided in the ‘callbacks’ struct member.

Most of the existing hardware allows simultaneous support for master and slave mode. This is however not guaranteed.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
cfg: Config struct with functions and parameters used by the I2C driver to send bus events

Return Value

0: Is successful
-EINVAL: If parameters are invalid
-EIO: General input / output error.
-ENOTSUP: If slave mode is not supported

static inline int i2c_slave_unregister(const struct device *dev, struct i2c_slave_config *cfg)¶

Unregisters the provided config as Slave device.

This routine disables I2C slave mode for the ‘dev’ I2C bus driver using the provided ‘config’ struct containing the functions and parameters to send bus events.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
cfg: Config struct with functions and parameters used by the I2C driver to send bus events

Return Value

0: Is successful
-EINVAL: If parameters are invalid
-ENOTSUP: If slave mode is not supported

int i2c_slave_driver_register(const struct device *dev)¶

Instructs the I2C Slave device to register itself to the I2C Controller.

This routine instructs the I2C Slave device to register itself to the I2C Controller.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.

Return Value

0: Is successful
-EINVAL: If parameters are invalid
-EIO: General input / output error.

int i2c_slave_driver_unregister(const struct device *dev)¶

Instructs the I2C Slave device to unregister itself from the I2C Controller.

This routine instructs the I2C Slave device to unregister itself from the I2C Controller.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.

Return Value

0: Is successful
-EINVAL: If parameters are invalid

static inline int i2c_write(const struct device *dev, const uint8_t *buf, uint32_t num_bytes, uint16_t addr)¶

Write a set amount of data to an I2C device.

This routine writes a set amount of data synchronously.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
buf: Memory pool from which the data is transferred.
num_bytes: Number of bytes to write.
addr: Address to the target I2C device for writing.

Return Value

0: If successful.
-EIO: General input / output error.

static inline int i2c_read(const struct device *dev, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t num_bytes, uint16_t addr)¶

Read a set amount of data from an I2C device.

This routine reads a set amount of data synchronously.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
buf: Memory pool that stores the retrieved data.
num_bytes: Number of bytes to read.
addr: Address of the I2C device being read.

Return Value

0: If successful.
-EIO: General input / output error.

static inline int i2c_write_read(const struct device *dev, uint16_t addr, const void *write_buf, size_t num_write, void *read_buf, size_t num_read)¶

Write then read data from an I2C device.

This supports the common operation “this is what I want”, “now give

it to me” transaction pair through a combined write-then-read bus transaction.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance
addr: Address of the I2C device
write_buf: Pointer to the data to be written
num_write: Number of bytes to write
read_buf: Pointer to storage for read data
num_read: Number of bytes to read

Return Value

0: if successful
negative: on error.

static inline int i2c_burst_read(const struct device *dev, uint16_t dev_addr, uint8_t start_addr, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t num_bytes)¶

Read multiple bytes from an internal address of an I2C device.

This routine reads multiple bytes from an internal address of an I2C device synchronously.

Instances of this may be replaced by i2c_write_read().

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
dev_addr: Address of the I2C device for reading.
start_addr: Internal address from which the data is being read.
buf: Memory pool that stores the retrieved data.
num_bytes: Number of bytes being read.

Return Value

0: If successful.
-EIO: General input / output error.

static inline int i2c_burst_write(const struct device *dev, uint16_t dev_addr, uint8_t start_addr, const uint8_t *buf, uint32_t num_bytes)¶

Write multiple bytes to an internal address of an I2C device.

This routine writes multiple bytes to an internal address of an I2C device synchronously.

Warning

The combined write synthesized by this API may not be supported on all I2C devices. Uses of this API may be made more portable by replacing them with calls to i2c_write() passing a buffer containing the combined address and data.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
dev_addr: Address of the I2C device for writing.
start_addr: Internal address to which the data is being written.
buf: Memory pool from which the data is transferred.
num_bytes: Number of bytes being written.

Return Value

0: If successful.
-EIO: General input / output error.

static inline int i2c_reg_read_byte(const struct device *dev, uint16_t dev_addr, uint8_t reg_addr, uint8_t *value)¶

Read internal register of an I2C device.

This routine reads the value of an 8-bit internal register of an I2C device synchronously.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
dev_addr: Address of the I2C device for reading.
reg_addr: Address of the internal register being read.
value: Memory pool that stores the retrieved register value.

Return Value

0: If successful.
-EIO: General input / output error.

static inline int i2c_reg_write_byte(const struct device *dev, uint16_t dev_addr, uint8_t reg_addr, uint8_t value)¶

Write internal register of an I2C device.

This routine writes a value to an 8-bit internal register of an I2C device synchronously.

Note

This function internally combines the register and value into a single bus transaction.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
dev_addr: Address of the I2C device for writing.
reg_addr: Address of the internal register being written.
value: Value to be written to internal register.

Return Value

0: If successful.
-EIO: General input / output error.

static inline int i2c_reg_update_byte(const struct device *dev, uint8_t dev_addr, uint8_t reg_addr, uint8_t mask, uint8_t value)¶

Update internal register of an I2C device.

This routine updates the value of a set of bits from an 8-bit internal register of an I2C device synchronously.

Note

If the calculated new register value matches the value that was read this function will not generate a write operation.

Parameters

dev: Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
dev_addr: Address of the I2C device for updating.
reg_addr: Address of the internal register being updated.
mask: Bitmask for updating internal register.
value: Value for updating internal register.

Return Value

0: If successful.
-EIO: General input / output error.

void i2c_dump_msgs(const char *name, const struct i2c_msg *msgs, uint8_t num_msgs, uint16_t addr)¶

Dump out an I2C message.

Dumps out a list of I2C messages. For any that are writes (W), the data is displayed in hex.

It looks something like this (with name “testing”):

D: I2C msg: testing, addr=56 D: W len=01: D: contents: D: 06 |. D: W len=0e: D: contents: D: 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 |…….. D: 08 09 0a 0b 0c 0d |……

Parameters

name: Name of this dump, displayed at the top.
msgs: Array of messages to dump.
num_msgs: Number of messages to dump.
addr: Address of the I2C target device.

struct i2c_msg¶

#include <i2c.h>

One I2C Message.

This defines one I2C message to transact on the I2C bus.

Note: Some of the configurations supported by this API may not be supported by specific SoC I2C hardware implementations, in particular features related to bus transactions intended to read or write data from different buffers within a single transaction. Invocations of i2c_transfer() may not indicate an error when an unsupported configuration is encountered. In some cases drivers will generate separate transactions for each message fragment, with or without presence of I2C_MSG_RESTART in flags.

struct i2c_client_config¶: #include <i2c.h>